中文摘要：

目的 基于2014年全国30个省份医院的横截面数据，分析其技术效率和影响因素，为提高医院运行效率提供建议。方法 采用超效率DEA模型计算各省份医院的技术效率，采用多元线性回归探讨医院技术效率的影响因素。结果 30个省份医院的超效率平均值是0.995，其中13个省份DEA有效，非DEA有效医院若达到DEA有效可少开办医院3 596所，少雇佣卫生人员429 594人，节省床位332 304张。医院数与病床使用率对技术效率的影响具有统计学意义。结论 全国30个省份医院之间技术效率差异较大，投入相对过剩，需进一步合理配置医疗卫生资源，提高医院整体运行效率。

英文摘要：

Objective To explore technical efficiency and impact factors of 30 provinces’ hospitals in China in 2014 and provide suggestions for operating efficiency improvement. Methods Using super-efficiency DEA Model to calculate the technical efficiency of different provincial hospitals. Multiple linear regression was adopted to analyze impact factors. Results The super efficiency average value of 30 provinces’ hospitals was 0.995 and 13 provinces’ DEA was effective. According to the criteria of DEA, the technical efficiency improvement could save totally 3 596 hospitals, 42 959 health workers and 332 304 beds in these ineffective hospitals. The number of hospital and the rate of utilization of hospital beds have statistically significant effect on technical efficiency. Conclusion There is great difference among 30 provinces’ hospitals in concern of technical efficiency. Input is excessive relatively. It’s important to optimize the allocation of health resources and improve hospital operating efficiency.