中文摘要：

通过对30 t轴重铁路货车的仿真，对比分析车轮采用L M磨耗型踏面与75 kg/m、60 kg/m两种钢轨匹配后各磨耗评定指标，得出L M型踏面与75 kg/m重型钢轨匹配时存在一定不适应的结论。为了满足我国大轴重铁路货车技术的发展需求，从减少轮轨磨耗考虑，设计出两种与75 kg/m重型钢轨匹配性能更优的车轮踏面。基于FASTSIM 算法和Archard磨耗模型，对30 t轴重货车车轮磨耗进行仿真计算，并对比分析优化前后车轮踏面磨耗状态及相关指标。研究结果表明：两种优化型踏面与75 kg/m钢轨匹配下的车轮磨耗程度均比L M型踏面车轮磨耗要小，而且随着运行里程的增加，这种趋势更加明显。

英文摘要：

Through simulation of freight cars each with the 30 t axle load ,comparative analysis on wear indexes was made by the dynamic model corresponding to respective matching between the LM type worn wheel tread with 75 kg/m rails and with 60 kg/m rails . Certain inadaptability was shown in matching between the LM wheel tread and 75 kg/m heavy rails .In order to meet the needs of developing large axle load railway wagons in China ,two types of wheel treads with better performance of wheel-rail wear in matching with 75 kg/m rails were designed . The wheel wear of the 30 t axle load wagon was simulated and calculated with the FASTSIM algorithm and Archard wear model ,and the wear status and relevant indexes of wheel treads before and after wheel tread optimization were compared . The research results indicate as follows ：In matching with 75 kg/m heavy rails , the two types of optimized wheel treads undergo wear of a lesser degree as compared with the LM type wheel tread;this trend becomes more and more significant with increasing of the running mileage .