中文摘要：

利用1961―2013年华南地区56个气象站点逐日最高气温资料,采用百分位阈值法、线性倾向估计法、Mann-Kendall突变检验、Morlet小波分析等方法分析了华南地区近53 a极端高温日数的趋势变化、突变、周期变化及其区域特征。结果表明：1）从趋势变化看,大部分站点呈增加趋势,绝大部分站点于20世纪90年代后期进入快速增加期,其变化倾向于由东南部沿海逐渐向西北部内陆递减,沿海地区增加趋势明显。2）从Mann-Kendall突变检验看,绝大部分地区的极端高温日数有不同程度突变,显著减少突变和增加突变的起始时间段分别集中于20世纪60和90年代,其区域分布特征与海陆位置和地形关系密切。3）华南地区平均年和各站点分别存在26 a和22~28 a为主的第一主周期,20世纪60年代中后期到70年代的减少突变和2000年左右的增加突变存在于多个振荡周期中,多尺度周期振荡的同位相叠加是引起气候突变的主要原因;第一主周期有明显的区域差异,所引起的潜在突变对气候突变有决定性作用;地域特征与海陆位置和地形的关系密切。

英文摘要：

Based on the daily maximum temperature data from 56 meteorological stations over South China during 1961-2013, spatial differences of extremely high temperature days over South China were studied by ways of Percentiles, linear trend, Mann-Kendall test and Wavelet analysis. The results show that： 1） Most stations showed a significant increasing trend, especially in coastal areas, the majority entered a rapidly increasing period in the late 1990 s, the spatial characteristics revealed a decreasing trend from southeastern to northwestern over South China. 2） Each station experienced a mutation according to Mann-Kendall test, in the 1960 s and 1990 s most stations showed a significant decreasing and increasing period, respectively, at the 5% level. 3） The first main period of 26 a and 22~28 a existed in average year and each station, respectively, the decreasing and increasing mutations in the period from the mid-late 1960 s to the 1970 s and in the 2000 s or so respectively existed in the multiple oscillation periods, and the main cause of abrupt climate change was the phase superposition of multi-scale oscillation. Spatial differences were closely related to the location of land and sea and terrain according to Mann-Kendall test and Morlet analysis.