本文提出企业治理结构选择的理论模型,比较了民主与集权两种治理结构对于公司业绩的影响,认为治理结构的选择依赖于公司生命周期的发展阶段。在创业阶段,集权的治理结构更有效率,但要求兼作经理人的创业者有充足的资金。若资金不足,由于经理人控制权寻租和小股东投票权损失,公司面临较高的融资成本,作为补偿,要求经理人的商业能力要显著高于经理人市场的平均水平,即经理人能力同自有资金在一定程度上可相互替代。本文还应用指数化期权定价方法给出了小股东投票权损失估值,结果表明,经理人市场平均商业能力提高越快,投票权损失越大。
We present a theoretical model of founder's choice between democracy and au- tocracy in corporate governance. At the startup period, the choice of autocracy is more effi- cient though it requires more initial capital. If external finance is needed, the founder would hear higher capital cost due to manager's rent-seeking and the loss of voting right of minority share- holders. We show that founder's own capitals and his managerial skills are substitutes. The results show that the higher the level of managerial skills, the more losses in voting right.