中文摘要：

以硫酸镍为镍源,采用液相沉积法在导电基底Ni网上原位生长分级花状NiO微球,讨论了反应时间对花状NiO微球结构和形貌的影响。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对其结构和形貌进行了表征,在三电极体系中进行了电化学性能测试。结果表明,分级花状产物粒径随反应时间增加而增大,不同反应时间对花状片层的松散程度及电解液中的OH-的脱出与嵌入有较大的影响,由于电极良好的电荷传导特性,当反应时间为3h时,电极的电流密度在0.5 A·g^-1,电极的比容量达到680 F·g^-1,并呈现出较好的倍率特性。

英文摘要：

Hierarchical flower-like NiO on Ni foam has been fabricated by a facile chemical bath deposition approach using nickel nitrate as nickel source. The effect of the reaction time on the morphology and the structure of the NiO spheres have also been inves-tigated systematically. The microstructures and morphologies of the resulting materials were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM,and the electrochemical properties were carried out in a three-electrode configuration. The diameter of the hierarchical flower-like sam-ples increased with increment of reaction time,which meanwhile significantly impacted on the loosening degree of the nanosheets and the transportation of OH＂ into inner area of the NiO electrode material. Owing to the superior electrical conductivity, the porous structure of the NiO microspheres can deliver a high specific capacitance of 680 F·g ^-1 at a current density of 0. 5 A·g^- 1 at reaction time 3h,as well as a good rate capability.