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中文摘要：
根据攻击行为的意图可以将攻击分为主动性攻击和反应性攻击。近年来，研究者对遗传和环境在主动性攻击和反应性攻击发展中的作用进行了探讨，并获得了两类攻击具有不同遗传和环境基础的重要发现。既有研究主要采用定量行为遗传学研究的范式考察两类攻击的遗传基础，未来研究应从确定与两类攻击相关的候选基因、遗传基因与环境的交互作用机制、遗传基因作用于两类攻击的神经生物机制等方面展开。
英文摘要：
Aggressive behavior can be divided into two subtypes of proactive aggression and reactive aggression according to the intention. Recently, a number of studies have discussed the importance of genetic and environmental influences on reactive and proactive aggression, and indicated that the two subtypes of aggression have different genetic and environmental underpinnings. Most existing studies have examined the genetic underpinning of two subtypes of aggression by twin design of quantitative behavioral genetics, while future research should focus on such issues as identifying candidate genes, the interaction between gene and environment and its underlying neurobiological mechanisms.
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