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中文摘要：
用超纯水或二氯甲烷从甘肃省武威市和内蒙古包头市采集的沙尘暴细颗粒物（PM2.5）中提取水溶成分和有机成分，于体外处理大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞4h，测定细胞谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛（MDA）含量、质膜ATP酶活性、膜表层和膜脂疏水区流动性、胞质内游离钙离子（Ca^2＋）浓度以及细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）活性．结果表明，沙尘暴PM2.5水溶成分可抑制质膜Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶、Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性，降低质膜表层和膜脂疏水区流动性，增加胞质LDH外渗，并使细胞脂质过氧化作用增强、抗氧化能力减弱，但对ACP和Ca^2＋浓度影响不大：有机成分除引起胞质LDH渗漏、质膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性下降外，对其它测定指标的影响无统计学意义．说明沙尘暴PM2.5水溶和有机成分均可对肺泡巨噬细胞产生毒性，其中水溶成分的毒性作用大于有机成分．
英文摘要：
The rat alveolar macrophages （AM） were treated in vitro for 4h with the water-soluble and organic compositions which were extracted, using deionized water or dichloromethane, from the dust storm fine particulate matter （PM2.5） collected in Wuwei City of Gansu Province and Baotou City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The watersoluble fractions of dust storm PM2.5 from the two cities could inhibit plasma membrane Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase and Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋- ATPase, decrease plasma membrane fluidity, increase leakage of intracellular lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）, deplete cellular antioxidant glutathione （GSH）, and induce lipid peroxidation （LPO） in a dose-dependent manner, but didn＇t cause significant alterations on acid phosphatase （ACP） and cytosolic free Ca^2＋ levels; whereas the solvent-extractable organics from dust storm PM2.5 just decreased Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activities and caused leakage of LDH, making no effects on the other measured indexes. It suggested that the water-soluble and organic fractions of dust storm PM2.5 could impair AMs, and water-soluble fractions exhibited greater toxicities to AMs than organic fractions.
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