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中文摘要：
对生态毒理学和环境毒理学的几个基本概念进行了论述．首先，论述生态毒理学和环境毒理学的定义和各自的研究范畴，提出二者区分的条件和方法；其次，对“毒物”和“非毒物”的概念进行论述，否定了“物质即毒物”的论点；第三，论述“靶器官”概念的局限性及其对学科发展的不利影响，提出以“敏感器官”概念代替“靶器官”的见解。
英文摘要：
In this paper, some concepts of ecotoxicology and environmental toxicology were studied and discussed. Firstly, definiens of ＂ecotoxicology＂and ＂environmental toxicology＂and their respective researching field were described, also some methods/conditions were suggested how to confirm the distinction between ecotoxicology and environmental toxicology; Secondly, the concepts of＂toxicant＂and＂untoxicant＂were studied and discussed, the viewpoint of＂substance namely toxicant＂ was negatived; Thirdly, disadvantage of＂target organ＂concept and its blight to researching and realizing toxic role of toxicant, the view that the＂target organ＂concept to be replaced by ＂sensitivity organ＂ was suggested.
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