中文摘要：

为了提高国内某量产全承载式客车在正面碰撞过程中的安全性,采用有限元法并参考该客车的材料属性要求建立其正面碰撞有限元仿真模型.提出在该客车车身前部安装八边形吸能结构,且将有限元法、试验设计、响应面法、可靠性理论和优化算法相结合,对八边形吸能结构进行可靠性优化设计,并与确定性优化设计所得结果进行对比.结果表明：在客车车身前部安装八边形吸能结构能显著提高该客车在正面碰撞过程中的安全性,且2种优化方法都能进一步提高其正碰安全性能;2种优化方法相比,可靠性优化虽然使得吸能量相对确定性优化减少4.3%,但是使得加速度减少16.05%,且可靠度提升了19.33%,故对八边形吸能结构进行可靠性优化设计能更好地满足该客车在正面碰撞过程中的安全性要求.

英文摘要：

In order to improve the safety in frontal collision for the domestic fully integral bus,according to the material property requirements , the frontal impact finite element simulation model was established by the finite element method. The octagonal energy-absorbing structure was installed in the front of bus body , and finite element method , experiment design , response surface method , reliability theory and optimization algorithm were combined to design the reliability optimization of octagonal energy-absorbing structure. The designed results were compared with those from deterministic optimization. The results show that the installing of octagonal energy-absorbing structure in the front of bus body can significantly improve the security in frontal collision. The two kinds of optimization methods can further improve the safety performance. Compared with deterministic optimization method , the energy absorption is decreased by 4. 3 % by the reliability optimization with acceleration decreased by 16. 05 % and reliability increased by 19. 33%. The reliability optimization design of octagonal energy-absorbing structure can better meet the security requirement in frontal collision.