中文摘要：

总的来看,《联邦证据规则》是一个伦理体系,不仅是规范、价值或者文化概念,也是理解世界的一种名符其实的方式。这种方式,与我们关于这个世界实际上应当如何运转—如果不受拘束的话—的最佳理解是相一致的。在每条规则的背后,都是关于律师、委托人、证人、陪审员和法官的性质和性情的假设,以及关于证据本身的性质的假设。这些假设代表的是《联邦证据规则》的制定者的理解,即在一个由被创造者、堕落者和被救赎者所构成的制度中,正义的命令是什么。通过引用《联邦证据规则》全部67条规则,本文探讨了《联邦证据规则》的象征主义这种将它们总成一体的方式,并揭示和评估了我们对那些它们所规制的人员的根本性的共同认识。

英文摘要：

The Federal Rules of Evidence, taken as a whole, represent an ethical system-not just norms, values, or cultural constructs but a genuine way of comprehending the world consistent with our best understanding of how it would, if not constrained, truly operate. Underlying each rule are assumptions about the nature and dispositions of lawyers, clients, witnesses, jurors, and judges, as well as the nature of evidence itself. Those assumptions symbolize what the Rules＇ promulgators understand to be the imperatives of justice in a system peopled by the created, the fallen, and the re-deemed. Citing each of the 67 Federal Rules of Evidence, this Article explores the Rules＇ symbolism as a way of synthesizing them while revealing and evaluating our foundational common understandings about those whom they govern.