中文摘要：

“壴”的甲骨文字形的主要部件象牛角、鼓腔、鼓座，为早期竖鼓的典型形制，主要为祭祀之用。后因鼓的功用扩大，特别是娱乐功能的加强，牛角渐为其他装饰物所代替。（《说文解字》“豈”部字释义均与音乐有关，实由乐鼓声而来，当并入“壴”部。“豈”“鼓”两部所收的字释义大体可分为形制、声响、击打三类，是“壴”的相关联想孳乳而来。此外，支部的“鼓”，喜部的“喜”，豊部的“豊”，也与鼓有密切关联，当归入“壴”部。

英文摘要：

The main components of ＂zhu （ 壴） in oracle-bone inscriptions like ox horn and drum. It＇s the portraiture of smearing blood on drum. The ox horn was replaced by other ornament as the function of the drum extended into other fields especially the popularity of the entertainment function. There is a close relationship between the music and the characters with ＂qi （豈）＂ radical in Shuowenjiezi （《说文解字》. In fact, they developed from drumbeat. So ＂qi （豈 ）＂ is same with ＂zhu （ 壴 ）＂ in early. The characters with ＂zhu （ 壴 ）＂ radical and ＂gu （ 鼓 ）＂ in Shuowenjiezi （《说文解字》） can be divided into three kinds mainly according to the interpretation： the type of drum, the sound and the action of striking. In addition, ＂gu （鼓）＂ ＂xi （喜）＂ and ＂li （豊）＂ have a close relationship with drum, their radical is ＂zhu （壴）＂.