中文摘要：

农村家庭人口生产偏好从数量向质量转变,是推动农业发展跳出＂马尔萨斯陷阱＂,从劳动密集型向物质资本和人力资本密集型演进的重要驱动力。1980-2010年,中国农村人口与农业发展数据的计量检验证实：现阶段,应继续稳定农村低生育水平,大力提高农业劳动力人力资本存量,着力消除资本边际收益递减规律的影响。

英文摘要：

Preference for rural family population production has been changing from quantity to quality,which promoted agricultural development to jump out of ＂the Malthus trap＂. It also is an endogenous power to promote agricultural development from labor-intensive to material capital intensive and generalized capital（physical capital and human capital） intensive. At present, stabilizing lower birth level and improving human capital stock of the rural labor should be emphasized,so as to reduce the influence of the law of diminishing marginal returns of capital and to promote agricultural technology progress. Measurement inspection about China＇s rural population and agriculture development data from 1980 to 2010 confirmed this view.