中文摘要：

采用溶胶一凝胶方法成功制备了陶瓷纤维掺杂的疏水SiO2气凝胶。陶瓷纤维在SiO2气凝胶中起骨架支撑的作用来提高气凝胶的机械性能。SiO2气凝胶的机械强度从没有掺杂纤维的1．6×10^4Pa提高到掺杂10％纤维的9．6×10^4Pa，且掺杂10％纤维的SiO2气凝胶常温常压的热导率仅为0.029W／（m·K）。掺杂SiO2气凝胶的疏水性通过表面修饰也得到了极大的提高。

英文摘要：

Hydrophobic silica aerogel doped with ceramic fibers were prepared successfully via sol-gel process. The ceramic fibers were distributed inside the silica aerogels to act as a supporting skeleton material, which improved the mechanical property. The mechanical strength of the silica aerogels increases from 1.6×10^4 Pa to 9.6×10^4 Pa with the doping of 10% ceramic fibers, while the thermal conductivity is 0.029 W/（m·K） at room temperature in air. The hydrophobic properties of the doped aerogels are increased a lot by surface modification.