中文摘要：

为给改善居民膳食结构、促进马铃薯主食产业化发展提供科学的理论依据,运用描述统计与单变量多因素方差法,对1961—2013年中国马铃薯的消费数量、用途与结构等进行了分析。结果显示,20世纪六七十年代,马铃薯在中国被列为粮食,曾一度大面积种植,以缓解细粮供应不足。80年代后,主要粮食品种小麦、大米的产量大幅度提高,除贫困山区外,马铃薯已退出口粮之列。90年代后,随着国外消费形式的引进推广与用途的拓展,中国人均马铃薯的消费量在一度出现回落后再次迅速增长。研究认为,随着中国农业结构的调整、国家马铃薯主食产业化战略的推进、人们膳食营养健康平衡需求的增加以及对马铃薯营养价值认知水平的提高,未来中国将迎来新一轮的马铃薯消费热潮。

英文摘要：

In order to provide a scientific theory basis of improving inhabitants＇ dietary structure and promoting the development of potato staple food industrialization, using descriptive statistics and univariate multivariate variance method, the authors analyzed the consumption quantity, usage and structure of China＇s potato from 1961 to 2013. The results showed that the potato was classified as food with large-scale planting in China at a time, in the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century, to alleviate the shortage of wheat flour and rice. After the 80s, the output of main grain varieties such as wheat, rice increased significantly, potato has been pulled out of the grain ration except in the poor mountainous areas. After the 90s, with the introduction and promotion of foreign potato consumption forms and the expansion of usage, per capita consumption of China＇s potato fell back first and then rose rapidly for a time. The authors believed that the consumption of potato would be a new round of upsurge in China with the adjustment of China＇s agricultural structure, the promotion of national potato staple food industrialization strategy, the increase demand of inhabitants＇ balanced dietary nutrition health and the enhancement of the cognitive level of potato nutritional value.