中文摘要：

基于形态学的显著差异,对紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）、黄花苜蓿（Medicago falcata L.）和白花苜蓿（Alfalfa with Cream flower）进行染色体核型分析,结果表明,3种类型的苜蓿材料在染色体核型方面有显著差别,白花苜蓿和黄花苜蓿都是随体染色体,其中,黄花苜蓿有2条为端部着丝点染色体,其核型公式分别为：紫花苜蓿2n=4x=24m＋8sm、黄花苜蓿2n=4x=24m＋6sm＋2T（SAT）、白花苜蓿2n=4x=24m＋8sm（SAT）。紫花苜蓿与白花苜蓿的染色体具有89%的相似性,只是在紫花苜蓿7号染色体和白花苜蓿15号染色体存在随体有无的区别;黄花苜蓿染色体具有独特性,显著区别于紫花苜蓿和白花苜蓿,但从其19号染色体来看,参与了紫花苜蓿或白花苜蓿的构建;白花苜蓿15号随体染色体与黄花苜蓿25号随体染色体和紫花苜蓿7号染色体有高度的相似性,但也存在随体有无的区别。

英文摘要：

Based on the significant difference of morphology,chromosome karyotype analysis were carried out in Medicago sativa L.,Medicago falcata L. and alfalfa with cream flower. The results showed that three genotypes of materials had unambiguous difference in chromosome karyotype due to the satellite chromosomes in alfalfa with cream flower and Medicago falcata L. which included 2 terminal point chromosomes. The karyotype formula of Medicago sativa L.,Medicago falcata L. and alfalfa with cream flower respectively were 2n = 4x = 24 m ＋ 8sm,2n = 4x =24m ＋ 6sm ＋ 2T（ SAT） and 2n = 4x = 24 m ＋ 8sm（ SAT）. The chromosome similarity in Medicago sativa L. and alfalfa with cream flower was 89% and the dissimilarity was owing to the satellite condition in No. 7 of Medicago sativa L. and No. 15 of alfalfa with cream flower. The chromosome of Medicago falcata L. was very unique which constructed of Medicago sativa L. and alfalfa with cream flower from chromosome No. 19. No. 15 chromosome in alfalfa with cream flower had the higher similarity with No. 25 chromosome in Medicago falcata L. and No. 7 chromosome in Medicago sativa L.,but there were still difference in satellite condition.