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中文摘要：
根据科研需要完成了水声收发试验系统的设计与工程实现，它可实现主动、被动水声信号的产生、发射、接收、处理与显示等功能。其中，主动水声信号的波形及参数可任意设置，被动信号的产生包括实际采集数据和利用模型产生的数据，信号的显示包括时域和频域波形。该系统利用CVI（C for Virtual Instruments）技术完成了系统界面设计和控制，利用DAQ（数据采集）模块完成了A／D转换、D／A转换，将低噪声放大器件和FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）结合完成了低噪声放大和数字滤波，将有源功率放大器件和单片机结合完成了数控功率放大器设计。系统经调试满足设计要求，具有结构简单、性价比高、扩展性好等特点。
英文摘要：
This paper discusses mainly the design and implementation of a underwater acoustic signal transmitting and receiving experimental system. The system realizes the generating, trasmitting, receiving, processing and displaying of active and passive underwater acoustic signal. In the system, the waveform and parameters of active signal can be setted at random, and the passive signal can be generated by using real gathered data or data generated by the model. Besides, the system can display both time domain and frequen- cy domain waveform. CVI technology is used to accomplish the system control and system interface design, and DAQ is used to finish the A/D and D/A conversion. Further more, low noise amplifer, combined with FPGA , realizes low noise amplification and digital filtering. The digital control power amplifier design is ac- complished by active power amplifier combined with MCU. After system debugging, the system showed that it satisfies the design requirement, and also possesses the claaracteristics such as simple structure and high efficiency with low cost, perfect expandability and etc.
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