中文摘要：

随着高等教育的不断改革与发展,一大批获得高学历的人才进入社会,这将对经济发展起到重要作用。不过,目前的研究中很少涉及高学历人才对个体企业究竟能否起到预期中的作用。本文试图从生产率的角度解释员工学历对于企业经营绩效的相关影响,从企业角度研究员工学历对于人均工资的可能影响。运用2004年中国经济普查数据实证检验员工学历对于企业利润率与人均工资的可能影响,结论认为：（1）员工学历与企业利润率呈显著的正相关性,员工学历对于企业绩效可能具有积极影响,但是平均学历并未通过出口而增强对利润率的影响;（2）员工学历与人均工资呈显著的正相关性并且通过出口而增强,这从企业角度再一次证明了学历对于求职者以及工人的重要性。

英文摘要：

With the reformation and development of the higher education constantly, a large number of highly educated talents enter the society, which will play an important role in the development of economy. But the current researches rarely involve the talents for individual enterprises whether they can play the role of anticipated or not. This paper attempts to explain the effects of education background on the enterprises＇ business performance from a productivity point of view. This paper also studies the effects of education background on the per capita wage from the angle of firm. Then, we use China economic census data in 2004 to make empirical tests the effects of education background on enterprise＇ profit and average wage. Our conclusion are as follows： First, there is a significant positive correlation between education background and enterprise profits, thus education background may have positive effects on firms＇ performance, but the average degree do not enhance profitability through export; Secondly, it is shown that there is a significant positive correlation between education background and per capita wage, and through export it is stronger. These conclusions prove the importance of education background on job seekers and workers from the angle of firm.