中文摘要：

利用3个全同胞型二元不育系、11个回交型二元不育系和10个半同胞型二元不育系及其10个亲本纯合不育系，分别与南恢04、明恢86、辐恢838、先恢207和密阳46等5个恢复系按照NCⅡ交配设计配制了50个单交种和120个改良单交种，按随机区组的随机模型分析方法，对二元不育系主要性状进行了配合力分析。结果表明，所有性状的一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均达到了极显著水平。按照方差分析的分群比较法研究了三类二元不育系与纯合不育系单株产量及其构成因素的一般配合力差异，结果表明三类二元不育系单株产量和有效穗数的一般配合力都比纯合不育系极显著增加，回交型二元不育系和半同胞型二元不育系结实率的一般配合力也极显著高于纯合不育系，其他性状上二元不育系和纯合不育系没有明显差异。在水稻改良单交种育种中，以双亲具有近亲关系的二元不育系作母本进行适当配组，有可能选育出比相应单交种产量更高的水稻改良单交种。

英文摘要：

Three full-sibling binary CMS lines, 11 back-cross binary CMS lines, 10 half-sibling binary CMS lines, 10 isozygoty CMS lines and five restorer lines were chosen to make 50 single hybrids （SH） and 120 modified single cross hybrids （MSH） by the way of NC Ⅱ design. The plots of F1 were arranged in the field in a randomized complete block design with 2 replications and the combining ability of 7 characters were analyzed using random model. The results showed that the variance of general combining ability （GCA） and specific combining ability （SCA） were significant at 1% level in all characters. The GCA of three types of MSH and SH were studied using analysis of variance of independent comparison of single degree of freedom in the grain weight per plant （GWP） and the other yield traits. The result indicated that, three types of MSH were higher than the SH at 1% level in the GWP and the number of effective tillers per plant （NETP） respectively, the back-cross binary CMS lines and half-sibling binary CMS lines were higher than the SH at 1% level in seed setting rate （SSR）. There were no significant differences in other yield traits. It suggested that the above three types of close-sibling binary CMS lines could be used increasing GWP, NETP and SSR in modified single cross hybrid rice breeding.