中文摘要：

在3个生长环境下种植水稻Nipponbare/Kasalath//Nipponbare回交重组自交系（backcross inbred lines,BILs）98个家系（BC1F12和BC1F13）及其亲本,调查剑叶叶鞘长度、最上节间长度和包颈长度,运用复合区间作图方法（CIM）,在全基因组5%显著水平上,对这3个性状进行了QTL分析。结果表明,共检测到3个剑叶叶鞘长度性状的QTL,分布于第1、3、4染色体,解释表型变异的12.83%～18.50%;qFLL-1位点在3个环境中均被检测到,增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,qFLL-3和qFLL-4位点在单个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。共检测到3个最上节间长度性状的QTL,分别位于第1、3、6染色体,解释表型变异的5.64%～14.18%;qUIL-6位点在3个环境中都被检测到,增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,其余2个QTL均在2个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。共检测到4个包颈长度性状的QTL,分布于第1、3、5、10染色体,解释表型变异的6.80%～17.76%;qPEL-10在3个环境中均被检测到,qPEL-5在两个环境中被检测到,这两个位点增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,其余2个位点分别在单个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。

英文摘要：

Panicle exclosure in CMS line is highly correlated with outcrossing rate of CMS in hybrid rice seed production.Panicle enclosure is occurred when flag leaf sheath length exceeds the uppermost internode length.In order to improve panicle exertion,it is necessary to understand the genetic mechanism of flag leaf sheath length,the uppermost internode length,and panicle enclosure.Under 3 different growing environments,the experiment was conducted using 98 backcross inbred lines（BILs）derived from a backcross of Nipponbare（japonica）/Kasalath（indica）//Nipponbare by the single seed descent methods.At 5% of genome-wide type Ⅰ error,we detected QTLs of the 3 traits by composite interval mapping method.The results showed that 3 QTLs for flag leaf sheath length were detected totally,which were located on chromosome 1,3,4,and explained 12.83%-18.50% of observed phenotypic variance.The qFLL-1 was detected in 3 environments,its positive allele was from Nipponbare,qFLL-3,qFLL-4 were detected in single environment,their positive alleles were from Kasalath.For the uppermost internode length,3 QTLs were detected on chromosome 1,3,6,and explained 5.64%-14.18% of observed phenotypic variance.The qUIL-6 was detected in all 3 environments,its positive allele from Nipponbare.The other 2 QTLs were detected in 2 of the environments,and Kasalath carried positive allele.Four QTLs for panicle enclosure length were detected on chromosomes 1,3,5,and 10,explained 6.80%-17.76% of observed phenotypic variance.The qPEL-10 was detected in all 3 environments.qPEL-5 was detected in 2 of the environments.Positive alleles of qPEL-10 and qPEL-5 were from Nipponbare.The other 2 QTLs were detected only in singleenvironment,and their positive allele came from Kasalath.