在总结高拱坝应力变形分析、破坏分析和安全度评估的现行规范及现有研究方法的基础上,指出这些方法存在的主要问题是:在进行破坏分析和安全度评估时没有考虑拱坝的破坏模式,破坏分析的层次不够明确,分析方法的建立和破坏判据的确定缺乏理论依据。针对这些存在问题提出了解决途径的建议,高拱坝的破坏应从材料层次的局部损伤和结构层次的整体失效研究。局部损伤须考虑材料的不均匀性,整体失效的研究应采用非强度理论。需要研究从材料层次的局部损伤到结构层次的整体失效破坏演变过程。高拱坝安全度的评估需要与失效破坏模式联系起来,应通过风险分析寻找最可能失效模式,确定与此模式相应的安全度。
The methods of stress and strain analysis, failure analysis and safety evaluation for high arch dam in available specification and studies are reviewed in this paper. The main deficiencies for these methods are: the failure modes are not taken into account in failure analysis and safety evaluation, the regimes of failures are not clearly defined, the related methods and criterion are not so reasonable. The possible ways to solve the problems are suggested. The failure of high arch dam should be studied from two levels: local damage of material and integral destruction of structure. The non-homogeneity of materials has to be considered for the local damage ~ Non-strength theory should be adopted for the integral destruction. The failure process and mechanism from local damage of material to integral destruction of structure must be studied. Safety evaluation of high arch dam is related to the failure mode. It is necessary to find the most possible failure mode for the specified arch dam according to risk analysis. Then the safety degree of the dam relevant to the mode will be analyzed.