中文摘要：

为了研究低温保护剂与其分子结构的关系，实验采用差示扫描量热仪（Pyris-Diamond DSC），测量了七种低温保护剂（Me2SO，葡萄糖，蔗糖，海藻糖，木糖醇，麦芽糖醇和山梨醇）的物理学特性参数（包括熔融温度、熔融峰面积和熔融热量等）及水合性质，通过熔融温度和熔融热量计算低温保护剂中未冻水份额，研究发现未冻水份额与物质的分子结构及低温保护效果存存一定的关系，即低温保护剂的保护效果，与其分子结构中羟基的线性排列正相关，线性排列中羟基的数目越多，低温保护效果越好。结论：在实验的七种低温保护剂中，山梨醇的分子结构中拥有5个羟基为最多，因此添加山梨醇的溶液低温保护效果最好。

英文摘要：

In order to study the relationship between cryoprotective and its molecular structure, Pyris-diamond DSC was used in the ex- periment to study the physical properties of seven kinds of cryoprotective agent, including phase transition temperature, the area melting peaks phase, transition enthalpy value and hydration properties. The unfrozen water share of cryoprotectant was calculated by cooling curve of the phase transition temperature and that of the phase transition enthalpy value. We have discovered that there is a positive corre- lation between the protective effect of eryoproteetant and the linear arrangement of hydroxyl; the more hydroxyl in the linear arrangement, the better protective effect of cryoprotectant. As a result, the protective effect of cryoprotectant adding sorbitol solution is the highest in seven kinds of cryoproteetive agent because sorbitol has five hydroxy.