中文摘要：

基于关系交换理论、交易成本理论、组织间学习理论，研究了专用性投资对中小型企业能力升级的重要意义。实证研究发现，知识型、实物型两种不同类型的关系专用性投资对企业能力升级的效果有所不同，并且都能达到促进企业能力升级的目的：实物型专用性投资通过关系学习促使企业能力升级；而知识型专用性投资既可以直接推动企业能力升级，也可以通过关系学习和合作创新间接地推动企业能力升级。

英文摘要：

Based on relational exchange theory, transaction cost economics, inter-organization learning theory, this paper studies the mediation mechanism between relation-specific investment（RSI） and capabilities upgrading performance, focusing on SMEs（small and medium-sized enterprises）. We propose that two different types of relation-specific investment have distinguishing effects on capabilities upgrading： the physical-based investment promotes capabilities upgrading by relationship learning, while knowledge-based investment could promote capabilities upgrading directly as well as promote capabilities upgrading by relationship learning and cooperative innovation indirectly. The results of this paper enrich and develop the relating theory on relation-specific investment, which provides much practical and guiding significance for SMEs.