中文摘要：

在国内外的炭疽芽胞杆菌检测方法中，针对炭疽芽胞杆菌基因的检测方法，其特异性以及临床的实用性方面难以令人满意，特别是针对炭疽疫情在临床诊断及鉴别诊断方面还有欠缺。本文针对炭疽芽胞杆菌的S层蛋白建立一种PCR检测方法，并初步应用于我省的疫情临床诊断。结果表明，所建立的PCR方法，能检测到100pg／μL级，对其他芽胞杆菌无交叉反应，检测特异性和敏感性强。该方法适合于现场疫情的快速诊断。

英文摘要：

Among methods both at home and abroad for detecting Bacillus anthracis the methods targeting genes of Bacillus anthracis are far from satisfactory in speci ficity and clinical practicality, which are short in clinical diagnosis and differen tiate diagnostic for Bacillus anthracis outbreak, especially. The purpose of this pa per is to establish a PCR method for detecting Bacillus anthracis based on S layec protein gene, and then preliminary applied it for rapid diagnosis of Bacillus anthra cis outbreak in Liaoning province. The results indicated that the sensitivity of the PCR method based S-layer protein of Bacillus anthracis was determined as 100 pg/μL, without cross reactions to other kinds of Bacillus, with high sensitivity and specificity. The established PCR provided a sensitive method for the rapid diagnosis of Bacillus anthracis outbreak.