中文摘要：

空气真菌是空气中PM2？5～10颗粒物的组成部分，其群落特征和分布状况与当地的气候条件和生态环境密切相关，近几年真菌性疾病增多，与空气真菌浓度的增大有一定关系。2010年11月至2011年10月在长春市选择有代表性的3种功能区：文教区（吉林农业大学）、商业区（重庆路）、交通枢纽（火车站），通过定时定点采样，采用曝皿法收集空气中的真菌，分析了长春市空气真菌的群落组成及其动态变化特征，通过参照空气微生物评价标准，对空气真菌浓度的污染程度进行了预警研究。试验共得到菌落24367个，鉴定出17个属，长春市空气真菌优势菌属依次为芽枝霉属（ Cladosporium ）、交链孢霉属（ Alternaria ）、附球菌属（ Epicoccum）、青霉属（ Penicillium）、曲霉属（ Aspergillus）、无孢菌群（ Mycelia Sterilia）。长春市空气真菌浓度变化：一日中，空气真菌浓度中午＞晚上＞早晨；一年中，空气真菌浓度夏季最高，冬季最低，春季与秋季相近。空气真菌浓度与空气湿度和温度、污染状况、植被覆盖率呈正相关。长春市全年空气真菌平均浓度为2320 cfu／m3，属于污染程度级别。一日中，中午＞晚上＞早晨；一年中，11～3月份空气真菌浓度污染程度较轻，4～10月份污染程度较重，其中6月份达到重度污染程度。

英文摘要：

Airborne fungi are compositions of PM2.5—10, distribution of which is closely related to local climate and ecological environment. With the increasing concentration of airborne fungi, the incidence of fungal diseases has gradually increased in recent years. This research was carried out in three different functional areas of Changchun city, cultural and educational area （ Jilin Agricultural University）, business district （Chongqing Road） and transportation junction （Changchun Railway Station） , from November 2010 to October 2011. By petri dishes exposing method, airborne fungi community composition and dynamical changing characters were investigated. Study on early warning of pollution level of airborne fungi concentration was conducted based on air microorganism evalua-tion standard. Results show that 17 genera from 24 367 colonies were identified, the dominant genera of which were Cladosporium,Mycelia Sterilia,Epicoccum,Penicillium,Aspergillus and Alternaria. The concentration of airborne fungi was noon〉evening〉morning in one day, the highest in summer, the lowest in winter and similar in spring and autumn in one year. The concentration of airborne fungi has a positive correlation with air temperature, humidity, air pollution and vegetation coverage. The average yearly concentration was 2 320 cfu/m3 , which exceeds pollution level. In one year, the pol-lution of airborne fungi concentration was mild from November to March, from April to October it ag-gravated, and in June it reached the severe level.