中文摘要：

采用扫描电子显微镜（sEM）和荧光显微镜研究了基片种类、温度、制膜参数（如Langmuir—Blodgett膜沉积压、压膜速度、提膜速度等）和LB膜层数对LB膜中缺陷畴区的影响及其对尿石矿物——水草酸钙（COM）晶体生长的指导作用．LB膜中的缺陷畴区可以诱导圆形COM沉积图形形成，但在石英基片上的图形数量只有云母基片上的5％左右．制膜温度由25℃降低至18℃时，出现非圆形COM沉积图形，尺寸亦有增大的趋势．随着沉积压从2mN／m增大到10mN／m，云母基片上圆形COM晶体沉积图形数量减少，沉积图形尺寸趋于均一，非圆形图形数量增加．随着压膜速度增加，膜中缺陷增加．当LB膜的层数由1层增加到2，3，5层后，其诱导的COM图形数量逐渐减少，尺寸也相应减小，即单层LB膜的缺陷比多层膜的多，且更容易受到基片的影响．

英文摘要：

The effect of a series of parameters on the defects in Langmuir-Blodgett （LB） films and the effect Of these parameters on the formation of calcium oxalate monohydrate （COM） crystals were investigated by scanning electronic microscopy （SEM） and fluorescence microscopy. The investigated parameters included the kinds of substrates, temperature, deposition parameters （such as deposition surface pressure, compression rate, dipping speed） and the layers of LB films. The defective domains in LB films could induce the formation of circular patterns of COM crystals. The number of such patterns obtained on the quartz substrates was about 5% of that on the mica substrates. When the temperature decreased from 25 to 18 ℃, noncircular patterns of COM crystals appeared and the diameter of these patterns tended to increase. As the deposition surface pressure increased from 2 to 10 mN/m, the number of circular patterns of crystals on the mica substrates decreased and the number of noncircular patterns increased. As the compression rate increased, the number of defects in the LB films increased. As the number of the layers of LB film increased from one to two, three and five, the number of the induced patterns decreased gradually and the size of the patterns also decreased. It indicated that the number of defects in single-layered LB films was more than that in multilayer LB films, and single-layered LB films were more likely to be affected by the substrates.