中文摘要：

本文研究的是中国门巴族人群ABO血型系统遗传多态性与其他17个族群间的遗传关系．采用玻片法检测并分析了西藏1130名门巴族人群的ABO血型分布；应用网络生物信息资源，收集了西藏昌都、林芝、拉萨、山南、日喀则、那曲藏族，青海贵南、黄南、西宁藏族，甘肃藏族，云南丽江藏族，内蒙古蒙古族，宁夏回族，陕西、河南、山东汉族等17个族群的相应资料，计算了他们间的遗传距离，并进行了聚类分析．结果表明西藏门巴族ABO血型系统的表型频率为O〉B〉A〉AB（A=0．2128，B=0．2523，0=0．4681，AB=0．0638），基因频率r〉q〉p（r=0．6770，q=0．1742，P=0．1488），符合我国ABO血型系统分布规律；遗传距离分析显示，门巴族与珞巴族距离较近（0．0851），其次为云南丽江藏族（0．0943）和西藏、青海其他地区藏族，最后是中国其他少数民族的汉、回、蒙古族．聚类分析与遗传距离分析结果基本一致．说明门巴族在遗传上与藏族的关系近于其他少数民族．

英文摘要：

To study the genetic polymorphism of Menba ethnic group in China about ABO system and the genetic relation among Menba and other 17 ethnic groups. The ABO blood group distribution of 100 Menba and Luoba people that inhabited Tibet were detected and analyzed by glass sheet technique. The data of 17 populations about ABO blood group system were collected by intemate network （viz, Chuangdu, Linzhi, Lasa, Shannan, Rikaze, Naqu Tibetan in Tibet Autonomous Region, Guinan, Huangnan, Xining Tibetan in Qinghai province, Gansu Tibetan, Yunnan lijiang Tibetan, Mongolian, Ningxia Hui, Han in Shanxi, Henan, Shandong province）, and the genetic distances and cluster analysis were calculated among Menba ethnic group and other population. Phenotype type of ABO system in Tibet MenbaethnicgroupisO〉B〉A〉AB （A =0.2128, B =0.2523, O =0.4681, AB=0.0638）, gene frequency is r 〉 q 〉 p（r = 0.6770, q = 0. 1742, p = 0. 1488） . They are accord with the law of Chinese ABO system; Menba cluster with Tibetan firstly, then with other ethnic groups by means of count genetic distance and cluster analysis to Menba and other ethnic groups by ABO system gene frequency. The relation between Menba and Tibetan is nearer than that between Menba and other ethnic groups. The genetic relation between the Menba and Tibetan is nearer than that with other populations.