中文摘要：

利用木质纤维素原料生产燃料乙醇是国际公认的难题。本文从秸秆原料组分不均一性出发,分析了秸秆难以高值化原因;进一步分析了秸秆酶解发酵燃料乙醇的关键问题,介绍了有关秸秆原料预处理、纤维素酶生产、秸秆酶解发酵乙醇和产业化示范工程等的进展。秸秆酶解发酵燃料乙醇产业化示范工程具有自主知识产权,为实现我国秸秆转化燃料乙醇的规模化、产业化、低成本生产奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

The utilization of wheat straw to produce fuel ethanol is an issue which complexity has been internationally acknowledged. The article has analyzed the reasons that limit the value-added conversion of straw considering the component inhomogeneity of straw. Furthermore, the crucial problems of straw to fuel alcohol were also analyzed. The research progress on these crucial problems are investigated, which includs the pretreatment of straw materials, the production of cellulase, the enzymatic hydrolysis of straws to fuel alcohol, and the industrial demonstration project of producing straw to fuel alcohol. The industrialization demonstration project of producing fuel alcohol by lignocellulosic biomass enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation laid a solid base for the large-scale, industrial and low-cost production of fuel alcohol from straw.