中文摘要：

直接排除和间接排除是人们认识世界的两种思维模式,反映到语言中便形成了直接排除范畴和间接排除范畴。这不仅是人类语言共有的语言范畴,也是汉语自古就有的语言范畴,但目前还没有引起汉语学界的相关重视。基于汉语史的视角构建汉语的排除范畴,排除范畴的语义本质是将排除对象特殊化,并凸显这一部分与其他部分的关系或区别,从而具有排除或追加的语法功能。它与其他相关范畴有密切关系,如＂否定范畴、假设范畴、量范畴、转折范畴、递进范畴＂等。

英文摘要：

Direct and indirect exclusions are two human thinking modes of perceiving the world, which are expressed in language as direct and indirect exclusion categories. The direct and indirect exclusion categories are both common categories of human languages and intrinsic categories of Chinese language, an area not attracting enough attention in the world of Chinese language studies. This study attempts to establish the exclusion categories of the Chinese language in terms of the h/story of Chinese language and explore the close relationship between exclusion categories and semantic nature, expressive form and other related categories, such as negative category, hypothetic category, quantity category, contrast category, additional category and so forth. These discussions will help to further clarify the key meaning of exclusion categories of the Chinese language and offer some reference to studies of relevant Chinase categories.