中文摘要：

聚合物Janus微粒是指具有各向异性微观结构的微/纳米聚合物粒子。因在乳液稳定、聚合物混合、可控组装、生物医药、多相催化和功能涂层等领域有重要的应用价值,聚合物Janus微粒材料的可控制备和应用研究已成为新型多功能和智能高分子材料研究的前沿领域。本文首先归纳了聚合物Janus微粒在制备方法、环境响应类型和应用领域的最新进展,进而分析了不同制备方法的优缺点。表面选择性修饰、微流体合成技术、自组装和种子聚合等方法都可用于制备具有可控尺寸、微观结构和表面性质的聚合物Janus微粒,但纳米级微粒微观结构的精确控制和大量合成还存在一定的挑战。环境响应性多组分聚合物Janus微粒在自组装和药物控释方面有其特殊的优势,而简单高效的种子聚合法有望应用于工业生产聚合物Janus固体表面活性剂。预计天然和多功能型聚合物Janus微粒的制备和应用研究将会是未来发展的趋势。

英文摘要：

Polymeric Janus micro/nano-particles,which have anisotropic micro structures,can be widely applied in many fields,such as stabilizing emulsions,polymer mixing,controllable self-assembly,bio-medicines,heterogeneous catalysis and functional coatings.Therefore,the research on controlled fabrication and applications of polymeric Janus particles has been paid active attention in region of multifunctional and smart polymer materials.In this review,the progress of polymeric Janus particles in the past few years,such as synthetic strategies,stimulative responsibilities and applications,has been summarized.Their advantages and disadvantages have also been briefly discussed.The polymeric Janus particles with controllable sizes,micro structures and surface properties can be prepared via selective surface modifications,microfluidic synthesis,self-assembly,seed polymerization and other preparation strategies.However,the accurate fabrication and high yield of the particles in nanoscale are still a challenge.Stimulative responsibilities of polymeric Janus particles include pH-responsive property,temperature-responsive property,ion-responsive property,light-responsive property and other stimuli-responsive properties.Stimuli-responsive polymeric Janus particles possessing multicomponent structure have their special advantages in self-assembly and drug delivery.Seed polymerization as a simple and efficient strategy can be applied to prepare polymeric Janus surfactants in industrial production.The fabrication and applications of natural and multifunctional polymeric Janus particles are predicted finally as the development trends in the future.