中文摘要：

非物质文化遗产保护工程是需要多种角色参与的社会实践活动，在多种社会角色互动过程中，地方政府作为一个特殊角色发挥着重要功能。地方政府的角色定位、行为方式直接决定了非物质文化遗产保护工作的实施效果。因此，明确和发挥地方政府的应有角色是非物质文化遗产保护能否取得预期成效的关键所在。文章运用社会学的角色理论，从角色的确定、角色的扮演过程以及社会角色的失调等几个方面考察了非物质文化遗产保护中政府角色扮演的过程，即如何实现地方政府在非物质文化遗产保护中的社会预期效果，从而担当起其社会的、历史的和文化的职责。

英文摘要：

Intangible cultural heritage protection is a social practice activity which needs to particitate in a variety of roles,and in the process of inteaction of many roles, local governmengt plays an important func- tion as a special role. The role of local government behavior directly determines the effect of the implemen- tation of the Intangible Culture Heritage protection. It is the key for the Intangible Culture protection to clarify and play the role of local government. The article uses the sociological role theory investigated as- pects of Intangible Culture Heritage protection in the government role playing from the determination of the role,role-play process as well as the social roles disorders~ that is to say, how to achieve the desired effect of the local governments in the protection of Intangible Culture Heritage. and how to take on the so- cial, historical and cultural resposibilities.