中文摘要：

目的探讨血清小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇与颈动脉斑块形成的相关危险因素,为及早防治心脑血管疾病提供依据。方法南通大学附属吴江医院2009年11月～2011年2月期间做过颈动脉超声的住院患者166例,根据颈动脉彩色多普勒超声检查结果是否有颈动脉斑块形成,分为斑块组（86例）和非斑块组（80例）2组。采用全自动生化分析仪检测所有患者血清小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,记录患者既往是否有高血压病、糖尿病、吸烟及饮酒史等,进行统计学分析。结果两组间单因素比较显示,斑块组年龄、高血压病发生率、糖尿病发生率、甘油三酯水平、总胆固醇水平明显高于非斑块组。两组间性别、吸烟史、饮酒史、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平比较,差异无统计学意义。回归分析结果显示,年龄（OR=1.10,P〈0.01）、高血压病（OR=2.81,P〈0.05）、糖尿病（OR=2.74,P〈0.05）、小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（OR=3.8,P〈0.001）进入回归方程,并有统计学意义。结论颈动脉斑块形成是多因素作用的结果,甘油三酯、总胆固醇增高是颈动脉斑块形成的相关因素,血清小颗粒致密低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高龄、高血压病、糖尿病是颈动脉斑块形成的独立危险因素。

英文摘要：

Aim To investigate the relationship between small and dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（sdLDLC） and the carotid atherosclerotic plaque in Chinese population.Methods The serum level of sdLDLC was examined by the automatic analyzer in 166 patients.They were all examined with the carotid colour Doppler flow imaging,and were grouped as plaque group（n=86） and no plaque group（n=80） according to the result of duplex colour Doppler flow imaging.Patients of the two groups were compared in the level of some possible risk factors including age,sex,drinking,smoking,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and total cholesterol（TC）,triglyceride（TG）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDLC）,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDLC）.Logistic regression model was applied in the screening of risk factors.Results The mean age,mean total cholesterol,mean triglyceride,incidences of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were significantly higher in patients with carotid plaques than in patients without by single-factor analysis.No significant difference of sex,drinking,smoking,the mean value of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was found between two groups.Logistic milti-factor regression analysis showed that age（OR=1.10,P0.01）,hypertension（OR=2.81,P0.05）,diabetes mellitus（OR=2.74,P0.05） and sdLDL-C（OR=3.8,P0.001） were involved in the regression equation statistically.Conclusions The formation of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque is the interactional result of multiplicate factor.High TG and high TC are the related risk fac-tors of carotid plaque.Age,hypertension,diabetes mellitus and sdLDLC are the possible independent risk factors for carotid plaque.