中文摘要：

研究目的：振动的传递实质上是振动能量的传递,但是目前在轨道交通减振降噪研究方面,从能量角度进行研究的却并不多见。为了揭示随机振动过程中轮轨系统中各结构的能量分配关系,继而实现更合理的减振降噪设计,本文基于哈密尔顿原理,建立车辆-轨道耦合振动模型,用以统计分析轨道不平顺引起的车辆、轨道与轮轨接触三个子系统随机振动的能量大小,并探讨轨道不平顺、车辆轴重、轨下支承刚度与阻尼对轮轨系统能量关系的影响。研究结论：（1）轨道不平顺激励引起的车辆子系统随机振动能量最多,而传递到轮轨接触子系统上的能量最少;（2）车辆子系统与轮轨接触、轨道子系统的能量呈负相关,轮轨接触子系统与轨道子系统的能量呈强线性相关;（3）各子系统能量的关系不受轨道不平顺激励的影响,但是轨道子系统的能量随着车辆轴重的增大或轨下支承刚度、阻尼的减小而增大;（4）该研究结论可为轨道交通减振降噪设计提供一定的理论依据。

英文摘要：

Research purposes： The vibration transmission is essentially the energy transmission, but few research projects focus on the energy transmissionin study of vibration - reduction and noise - reduction of railway nowadays. In order to reveal the energy distribution of random vibrationin wheel -rail coupling system and reasonablyto reducethe train - inducedvibration and noise, based on Hamihonian principle, vehicle -track coupling dynamic model is established to statisticthe random vibration energy induced by track irregularity among vehicle, track and wheel- track contact subsystems. It is also discussed the influence of rail irregularity, axle - weight, the supporting stiffness and dampingon the energy distribution. Research conclusions： （ 1 ） The random vibration energy of vehicle subsystem is most, while that of wheel - track contact subsystem is least in vehicle - track coupling system excited by track irregularity. （2） The random vibration energy of vehicle subsystem has a negative relation with that of the subsystems under the vehicle, and the random vibration energy of track subsystem shows a strong linear relation with that of wheel - rail contact subsystem. （ 3 ） The influence of track irregularity on the energy distribution between the three subsystems can be ignored, while the random vibration energy of track subsystem enhances with increase of axle - weight or decrease of the supporting stiffness （ or damping）. （4）The relevant research results are helpful to the design of vibration- reduction and noise- reduction of railway.