中文摘要：

随着国家逐步加大对“985高校”科研经费的投入，这些高校的科研绩效成为关注的焦点，如何使用有效的评价方法对“985高校”的科研效率进行评估成为重要问题。使用非参数的DEA和Malmquist~数方法对我国37所“985高校”科研投入产出指标的面板数据进行静态效率和动态效率变化的综合评价，结果发现我国各“985高校”科研效率整体偏低，且科研活动效率在2006～2009年内未能取得显著进步，进一步分析发现技术进步是阻碍各高校科研活动效率进步的首要原因，各高校应大力促进科研活动中技术的创新和进步以提高科研投入产出效率。

英文摘要：

With the gradually increasing R＆D input of ＂985 universities＂, the R＆D performance of these universities becomes the focus. How to evaluate the R＆D efficiency effectively is an important issue. Based on the panel data of 2006-2009, this paper selects the R＆D personnel, R＆D funding, expenditure of R＆D projects as the input indicators and monography, published paper, outcomes transformed, results awarded as output indicators, and uses DEA and Malmquist index methods to evaluate the research efficiency of＂985 universities＂. The results show that overall research efficiencies of the ＂985 universities＂ are low, and from 2006 to 2009 the R＆D efficiencies failed to progress significantly. Further analysis finds out that technological progress is the main factor that hinders the overall efficiencies. ＂985 universities＂ should promote the technological innovation and progress to improve the efficiencies of universities R＆D.