中文摘要：

目的调查兰溪市城区18~80周岁居民肛肠疾病的流行现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用典型抽样方法,于2015年6—9月抽取兰溪市某城区的18~80周岁常住人口进行问卷调查和体检。采用多因素Logistic回归分析痔疮患病的影响因素。结果共调查3 327人,获得有效调查资料2 931份。检出患有肛肠疾病者1 554例,检出率为53.02%,标化率为45.61%。痔疮检出率最高,为49.47%,标化率为42.41%。女性肛肠疾病检出率为61.54%,高于男性的39.83%（P〈0.05）。肛肠疾病检出率随年龄增长呈上升趋势（P〈0.01）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,男性痔疮患病风险低于女性（OR=0.37,95%CI：0.32~0.44）;41岁~（OR=1.66,95%CI：1.05~2.62）、51岁~（OR=1.94,95%CI：1.23~3.07）、61岁~（OR=1.92,95%CI：1.19~3.09）和71~80岁（OR=2.62,95%CI：1.57~4.39）组相对18岁~组居民的痔疮患病风险高;初中（OR=1.30,95%CI：1.01~1.66）和高中学历者（OR=1.57,95%CI：1.19~2.07）的痔疮患病风险高于文盲。结论兰溪市城区居民肛肠疾病主要为痔疮,性别、年龄和文化程度是痔疮患病的影响因素;应对不同特征人群开展有针对性的防治措施。

英文摘要：

Objective To learn the prevalence and risk factors of anorectal diseases among urban population aged 18-80 years in Lanxi.Methods Typical sampling was adopted to select one urban area from Lanxi City.Face-to-face interviews and physical examinations were carried out to collect data during June 2015 to September 2015.Results A total of 3 327 residents were recruited,of which 2 931 were involved in both questionnaires and physical examinations.Totally,1 554 participants were detected one or more anorectal diseases.The prevalence rate was 53.02%（standardized rate45.61%）.Hemorrhoids cases was accounted to the most,and the prevalence rate was 49.47%（standardized rate42.41%）.Male was associated lower risk of hemorrhoid（OR = 0.37,95% CI： 0.32-0.44）.Compared to 18-30 age group,older age were associated with increasing risks of hemorrhoid significantly despite of 31-age group.Results for different groups were 41-（OR = 1.66,95% CI： 1.05-2.62）,51-（OR = 1.94,95% CI： 1.23-3.07）,61-（OR =1.92,95% CI： 1.19-3.09） and 71-80（OR = 2.62,95% CI： 1.57-4.39）.Only junior high school（OR = 1.30,95%CI： 1.01-1.66） and senior high school（OR = 1.57,95% CI： 1.19-2.07） were significantly associated with high risk of hemorrhoid.Conclusion The prevalence of anorectal diseases in Lanxi urban area is high.Gender,age and education level might be independent risk factors of hemorrhoid.Therefore, preventive strategies should vary across different population with different characteristics.