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中文摘要：
人类发展从要素范式向系统范式转变将是必然趋势，不得不从“空间中的生产”转变为“空间的生产”，以一个个规制性功效空间的构建规范现代社会，发挥着空间治理的作用，调控着人与自然的关系。城市和国家是人类进行空间治理最基本的两类功效空间范式，直接决定着相应社会系统的政治、经济行为，以及空间福利状态。城市是人类白行营造的物质空间和空间使役系统，是在时间、空间、物质、能量、信息、资本的有效整合下人类建构生存系统的一种基本空间范式，承载着复杂的政治、经济、文化与环境功能，形成了经济资本、政治生活、权力运作等交织在一起的具有多元意义的社会空间，发挥着空间管理与治理、规范李间行为、提供持续福利等功效。
英文摘要：
With the turn of ＂produce in space＂ mode to the ＂spatial produce＂ mode, it is an unavoidable trend for human beings＇ development transferring from element paradigm to system paradigm. In modern society, the human beings should build and regulate the society with the concept of effective space, which plays an important role for people to manage the living space and adjust the relationship between human beings and the nature. City and country, which directly bear the function of politics, economy, and spatial welfare, are the two most universal spatial means for people to manage the world. City is a material space and a spatial opportunistic servo system created by human beings, and it is also the basic spatial mode for people＇s living with the integration of time, space, material, energy, information and capital. City has the function of politics, economy, culture and environment, and is a social spatial system with all kinds of meanings such as economic capital, political life, and power operation. Unquestionably, city is an effective spatial tool for managing and governing the living space, regulating spatial behavior, and providing sustainable welfare.
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