中文摘要：

目的研究肺表面活性物质蛋白C（SP-C）基因多态性,以138位点为重与内蒙古地区汉族、蒙古族新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）的相关性。方法选择151例NRDS患儿（病例组）与151例正常新生儿（对照组）作为研究对象,应用PCR及基因分析技术检测138位点,分析其多态性与NRDS的关系。结果在内蒙古地区,不论蒙古族还是汉族,SP-C基因138位点均可检出3种基因型：即AA、AC及CC型,该位点基因多态性在蒙古族NRDS组与蒙古族对照组之间无统计学差异（χ2=0.454,P=0.797）,此位点基因多态性在汉族NRDS组与汉族对照组之间也无统计学差异（χ2=0.744,P=0.689）。结论内蒙古地区汉族、蒙古族SP-C基因138位点多态性在不同性别、出生体质量、胎龄、生产方式等中无差异。SP-C基因138位点多态性与内蒙古地区汉蒙族NRDS无关。

英文摘要：

Objective Analysis of the SP-C138 site gene plymorphisms and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（NRDS）in the Han nationality and the Mongol nationality in Inner Mongolia Region.Methods One hundred and fifty-one infants with NRDS（case group）and 151 infants without NRDS（control group）were selected.PCR gene analysis and polymerase chain reaction were used to establish the genotype of SP-C138 site.Results In the Inner Mongolia region,both the Mongol nationality and the Han nationality,SP-C138 site can check out three genotypes：namely AA,AC and CC.The frequencies of genotypes of SP-C138 site were not statistically different between the Mongol nationality case group and the Mongol national4 ity control group（χ2=0.454,P=0.797）,besides the frequencies were not statistically different between the Han nationality case group and the Han nationality control group（χ2=0.744,P=0.689）.Conclusion Polymorphism of SP-C138 site in Inner Mongolia newborns displays no significant correlation with sex,birth weight or gestational age and so on.Polymorphisms of SP-C138 site were not found to be associated with NRDS in the Mongol nationality or the Han nationality in Inner Mongolia.