中文摘要：

目的：研究肺表面活性物质蛋白（ surfactant protein，SP）-C基因多态性，以186位点为重，研究内蒙古地区蒙古族与汉族新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征（ respiratory distress syndrome of newborn， NRDS）的相关性，分析两族是否具有基因位点差异性。方法选择151例NRDS患儿（ NRDS组）与151例正常新生儿（对照组）作为研究对象，应用PCR及基因分析技术检测186位点，分析其多态性与NRDS的关系。结果在内蒙古地区，不论蒙古族还是汉族，SP-C基因186位点基因型均可检出3种基因型：即AA、AG及GG型。其中，蒙古族NRDS组和对照组患儿此3种基因型频率分别为：19.6％、33.3％、47.1％和23.5％、27.5％、49.0％，NRDS组和对照组A等位基因频率分别为36.3％和37.3％， G等位基因频率分别为63.7％和62.7％。汉族 NRDS 患儿和对照组此3种基因型频率分别为：14.0％、28.0％、58.0％和10.0％、30.0％、60.0％， NRDS 组和对照组患儿 A 等位基因频率分别为28.0％和25.0％，G等位基因频率分别为72.0％和75.0％。内蒙古地区蒙古族与汉族NRDS患儿SP-C基因型及等位基因频率在不同性别、出生体重、胎龄、分娩方式等中无明显关联（ P〉0.05）。对比蒙古族与汉族NRDS患儿在SP-C基因186位点上基因型和等位基因分布，并未发现SP-C基因186位点多态性具有种族上的统计学差异（ P〉0.05）。结论内蒙古地区NRDS患儿SP-C 186位点基因多态性无明显的种族相关性。

英文摘要：

Objective To analyze the relationship between the surfactant protein （ SP ）-C 186 site gene polymorphisms and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome（ NRDS） in the Han nationality and the Mon-gol nationality in Inner Mongolia Region, and to analyze the difference between these two nations in gene sites. Methods One hundred and fifty-one infants with NRDS （ NRDS group ） and 151 infants without NRDS（ control group） were selected to analyze the relationship between SP-C 186 site gene polymorphisms and NRDS. PCR gene analysis and polymerase chain reaction were used to establish the genotype of SP-C 186 site. Results Either in the Mongol nationality and Han nationality,three genotypes were detectable in SP-C 186 site：namely AA,AG and GG. In the Mongol nationality,the frequencies of genotype AA,AG,GG of SP-C exon 5 （ S186N） in NRDS group and control group were 19. 6%,33. 3%,47. 1% and 23. 5%, 27. 5%,49. 0%,respectively. In these two groups,the frequencies of allele A were 36. 3% and 37. 3%,and the frequencies of allele G were 63. 7% and 62. 7%. In the Han nationality,the frequencies of genotype AA, AG,GG of SP-C exon 5 （ S186N） in NRDS group and control group were 14. 0%,28. 0%,58. 0% and 10. 0%,30. 0%,60. 0%,respectively. It was found that in these two groups,the frequencies of allele A werenbsp;28. 0% and 25. 0%,and the frequencies of allele G were 72. 0% and 75. 0%. SP-C gene polymorphism in NRDS newborns displayed no significant correlation with sex,birth weight,gestational age or delivery mode in the Mongol nationality and Han nationality in Inner Mongolia （ P〉0. 05 ） . Comparing the distribution of genotype and allele of SP-C 186 site in NRDS infants of Mongol nationality and Han nationality,there was no statistically significant difference in the 186 polymorphisms of the SP-C gene between these two nationalities. Conclusion There is no significant correlation of SP-C gene polymorphism in NRDS newborns in different ethnic populations in Inner Mongolia area.