中文摘要：

目的探索以问题为导向的教学方法（PBL）联合循证医学在外科临床实习教学中的优势与作用。方法将中国医科大学附属盛京医院实习的2010级七年制临床医学专业157人,实验组76人,对照组81人,实验组采用PBL联合循证医学教学模式,以问题为导向,充分利用学习工具分析证据,论证证据的真实性,有目的训练临床思维。采用理论考试与问卷调查表,调查学生的学习积极性、自我评价、及对教学的满意度、对外科的学习兴趣以及获取知识的效果。结果实验组学员的平均课前准备时间要远远多于对照组（P=0.000）。实验组学员的发言次数高于对照组（P=0.000）。两组学员的学习兴趣有显著性差异（P=0.002）。对授课满意的调查显示实验组与对照组的差异具有统计学意义。两组学生的出科考试成绩无明显的统计学差异。结论利用循证医学,针对提出的问题寻找评价证据,综合分析以指导疾病的诊断和治疗,可以使PBL教学法的优势得到充分发挥。二者结合应用在外科实习中可达到良好的效果。

英文摘要：

Objective To discuss the comparative study of EBM and PBL in surgical theory learning and teaching methods. Methods 157 students involving theory trainees were randomly divided into two groups, 76 students, experimental group, received combined EBM＋PBL teaching,81 students, control group, received traditional teaching method. Results When comparing the two groups, actual problem solving capability of six comprehensive ability evaluation indexes and clinical thinking in the experimental group were better than those in the control group, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion Combination of EBM＋PBL foreign science and surgery theory can effectively improve the students＇ comprehensive ability, and improve academic achievement and teaching effect.