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岩石破裂过程中声发射特性的颗粒流分析

ISSN号：1000-6915
期刊名称：岩石力学与工程学报
时间：2013.5.5
页码：951-959
分类：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程;建筑科学—土工工程]
作者机构：[1]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083, [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51074014 51174014）; 长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目（IRT0950）
相关项目：非连续等效岩体分析技术与细观弱化的节理岩体力学参数研究

关键词：岩石力学, 岩石破裂, 声发射, 模拟, 矩张量, 颗粒流理论, 颗粒流程序, 细观, rock mechanics, rock failure, acoustic emission, simulation, moment tensor, particle flow theory, particle flow code（PFC）, meso

中文摘要：

以颗粒流理论和PFC程序为平台,根据矩张量理论建立细观尺度上岩石声发射模拟方法。该方法可同时给出声发射事件发生的时间、空间、破裂强度等特征,再现岩石裂纹孕育、发展和贯通过程,从而揭示岩石的破坏机制。结合室内花岗岩破裂全过程声发射特性试验研究成果,通过试验和计算结果的对比分析,验证该方法的可靠性,并得到以下结论：（1）在试样峰值强度前,声发射事件次数较少、破裂强度较低,且在试样内部随机分布;从试样峰值强度起至破坏时的残余强度,声发射事件次数较多、破裂强度较高,且主要沿宏观破裂带附近分布。（2）声发射事件次数随破裂强度变化近似呈正态分布。在均值与最大破裂强度之间,声发射事件累积数随破裂强度的降低近似呈线性对数函数关系。（3）每次声发射事件所包含的微破裂数,随破裂强度的提高而增加,近似呈波尔兹曼函数关系。（4）声发射事件次数与微破裂数近似呈负指数函数关系,即包含微破裂数越少的声发射事件,其所占总数的比例越大。研究成果可弥补现有声发射试验及模拟方法的不足,并作为一种新的手段为声发射试验与现场微震监测研究所利用。

英文摘要：

Based on the particle flow theory and particle flow code（PFC）,the simulative approach of rock acoustic emission（AE） in meso-scale is established by using the moment tensor theory.This approach can simultaneously give the occurrence characteristics of AE event such as time,location and magnitude,reproduce the generation,propagation and coalescence progress of cracks,and consequently reveal the rock failure mechanism.The reliability of this approach is verified by comparing the experiment and calculation data based upon the AE characteristics test of lab granite complete failure process.Some main research results are as follows：（1） Before the peak strength,the number and magnitude of AE events are less and lower,respectively;and they are distributed randomly in the sample.From the peak strength to failure residual strength,the number and magnitude of AE events are much more and higher,respectively;and they are distributed principally along the macro fracture belt.（2） The number of AE events behaves as normal distribution with the magnitude variation.Between the mean and peak value of magnitude,the cumulative number of AE events behaves as linear log function relationship with decrease of magnitude.（3） The number of microcrack in each single AE event increases and approximatively behaves as Boltzman function relationship with increase of magnitude.（4） The number of AE events behaves as negative exponential function relationship with the number of microcrack,namely in case the kind of AE event owns less microcracks;its proportion is higher in total AE events.The research results make up the deficiencies of the existing AE test and simulation method,and can be utilized as a new approach in the research of AE test and field microseismic monitoring.

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