中文摘要：

目的 了解甲型H1N1流行性感冒（流感）病毒的检测情况和血凝素（HA）基因变异情况。方法 对宁夏流感监测哨点医院采集的流感样病例（ILI）标本采用RT-PCR方法进行核酸检测,对核酸检测阳性标本进行病毒分离;对甲型H1N1毒株提取病毒RNA,通过RT-PCR反应扩增HA1并测序,测定的序列利用生物信息软件进行分析。结果 宁夏流感网络实验室共检测ILI标本6 122份,核酸检测阳性数917份,其中甲型H1N1498份,占54.31%,分离甲型H1N1毒株126株;变异氨基酸多数位于HA蛋白表面,其中部分位于抗原决定簇;关键位点第222位没有变化。结论 2013-2014年度,宁夏地区流行的流感毒株主要为甲型H1N1,遗传进化分析表明甲型H1N1病毒发生了一定程度的变异,造成2013-2014年在宁夏地区的再次流行。

英文摘要：

Objective To understand the detection of influenza viruses A （H1 N1 ） and to detect the haemagglutinin （HA） gene mutations and the comparisons with standard strains. Methods The swabs from patients with influenza- like illness （ILI） in Na- tional Influenza Sentinel Surveillance Hospital were collected,the virus type and H1 N1 viruses were tested by real time polymerase chain reaction （ RT - PCR）. Virus was isolated from the nucleic acid testing positive swabs. The virus RNA was took out from H1N1 and the RT - PCR products of HA1 gene of virulent strains were sequenced and then analyzed through bioinformatics software. Results 917 in- fluenza viruses were detected from 6122 specimens,498 of them were H1N1 （pdm） subtype, and the positive rate of H1N1 was 54.31%, 126 influenza A （H1N1） virus strains were isolated,most amino acid changes were accumulated on the surface of the HA mol- ecule and were partly located in antigenic sites. The key amino acid position 222 didn＇t change. Conclusion H1N1 is absolutely pre- dominant among isolated strains between 2013 and 2014, and the phylogenetic analysis indicates that the influenza epidemic between 2013 and 2014 in Ningxia are due to occurrence of genetic changes of pandemic H1 N1 virus.