中文摘要：

本研究对现有众包平台进行分类和比较，提出科研众包在参与主体和业务流程两个方面的特殊性。在参与主体方面，科研众包平台具有明显的中介作用、科研问题发布者的身份多样化和问题解决者获得较为丰富的经济报酬；在业务流程方面，科研众包任务的发布更加严格、科研问题解决者的专业性要求更强、科研问题解决方案的选择更加复杂。在特殊性分析的基础上，提出政策建议：科研众包需要按照应用型和研究型分类运营，科研众包任务需要分解和模块化。

英文摘要：

Crowdsourcing is an internet-based open innovation. In this study, the existing crowdsourcing platform was classified and compared. It found research crowdsourcing particularity in both participants and business processes. In terms of participants, research crowdsourcing platform has a significant intermediary role in the publisher＇s identity research question and problem solvers diversification to obtain a more substantial economic return. In business processes, research crowdsoureing tasks have more stringent release, research problem solver requires more professional and scientific problem-solving has more complex options. On the basis of the special nature of the analysis, policy recommendations are given.