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湖沼地区钉螺分布动态性的初步证据

ISSN号：1005-6661
期刊名称：中国血吸虫病防治杂志
时间：0
页码：86-90
语言：中文
分类：R383.24[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学;医药卫生—基础医学]
作者机构：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,上海200032, [2]安徽省池州市贵池区血吸虫病防治站
相关基金：国家自然科学基金重大项目（30590374）和“十五”国家科技攻关项目（2004BA718804）.
相关项目：基于现代信息技术研究传染病时空传播与流行规律

关键词：血吸虫病, 湖北钉螺, 统计分布, 动态过程, 湖沼地区, Schistosomiasis , Oncomelania hupensis, Statistical distribution , Dynamic processMarshland and lake regions

中文摘要：

目的研究湖沼地区钉螺分布的规律，为正确认识钉螺的生态学提供依据。方法从安徽省贵池区秋浦河沿岸随机抽取4块滩地作为研究现场，按《血吸虫病防治手册》推荐的查螺方法调查钉螺，并记录线框号。所有钉螺带回实验室用水测法判别死活，并记录活螺数。计算4块滩地的中位数、95％可信区间（95％CI）等描述性统计指标，并分别用负二项分布、对数正态分布、指数分布和Weibull分布拟合钉螺数据以分析钉螺的分布规律。结果4块滩地钉螺的分布均为正偏态分布，钉螺密度（只／0．1m^2）的中位数分别为9.0、15．0、41．5和22，0，95％C1分别为（0，41）、（0，68）、（0，170）和（4，73），聚集性指数分别为1．12、1．25、1．37和2．31。谷潭湖滩既符合负二项分布，又近似指数分布，秋浦河外滩近似指数分布，菜籽湖滩可能近似指数分布，欧阳湖滩近似Weibull分布。结论湖沼地区钉螺的分布不是简单的负二项分布，可能是动态变化的过程。

英文摘要：

Objective To study the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in marshland and lake regions in order to provide the knowledge for Oncomelania hupensis ecology. Methods Four bottomlands （Gutan, Caizi ,Qiupu and Ouyang） were selected randomly along the Qiupu River in Guichi District, Anhui Province. Oncomelania hupensis was surveyed carefully and the corresponding numbers of line and frame were recorded during the process of survey. All the Oncomelania hupensis were judged whether they were alive or not by putting them in the mild water for half an hour to see whether they can move. The corresponding descriptive statistical indices of the snails including median, 95 % confidence interval （95 %CI） and aggregation index were calculated. Finally, the negative binomial distribution, log-normal distribution, exponential distribution and Weibull distribution were fitted to the data of Oncomelania hupensis. Results The distributions of Oncomelania hupensis from four bottomlands were all positive-skewness. The medians of Oncomelania hupensis density from Gutan, Caizi, Qiupu and Ouyang were 9.0,15.0,41.5 and 22. 0/0.1 m^2 respectively, 95% CI were （0, 41）,（0, 68）, （0, 170） and （4, 73）, and the values of aggregation index were 1.12, 1.25, 1.37 and 2.31 respectively. The fitting results of distributions showed a dynamic process ： the data of Oncomelania hupensis in Gutan bottomland were both negative binomial distribution and approximate exponential distribution, the data of Oncomelania hupensis in Qiupu bottomland were approximate exponential distribution, the data of Oncomelania hupensis in Caizi bottomland might be approximate exponential distribution, and the data of Oncomelania hupensis in Ouyang bottomland were approximate Weibull distribution. Conclusions The distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in marshland and lake regions is not simply negative binomial distribution, but probably a dynamic process.

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