中文摘要：

国外大量研究通过估算地产价格梯度来解析城市空间结构的特征与发展，2004年以来国内城市的相关研究也得到关注。本文回顾了地产价格梯度研究的主要方法、基本假设与模型改进。研究中主要采用了特征价格模型与重复销售模型两种方法，其中特征价格模型使用频率最高，非参数估计、样条函数等能够揭示价格梯度复杂特征的新方法也得到了应用。城市空间结构预设主要包括单中心假设、非单中心或多中心假设和无中心预设三种，单中心模型中，欧式距离变量应用最普遍，使用交通花费、交通时间或虚拟变量取代或改进距离变量，能够取得更优的估计结果。空间自相关带来的异方差问题容易导致模型估计的无效，如何检验和修正空间自相关得到了广泛的探索。最后从样本选取、变量设置、空间预设和模型应用方面展望了国内研究的方向。

英文摘要：

The paper reviews the methodologies, assumptions and improvements in empirical studies of property price gradients. The hedonic pricing model and the repeat-sales model are two basic methodologies of estimation. The hedonic pricing model is widely used as it requires fewer price data and the functional form is flexible to include different explanatory variables. The repeat-sales model uses a pair of observations for a single property, helpful for researchers when choosing variables, but subject to the availability of pair-wise transaction records. New methods which are able to reveal the complexity of price gradient curves are also employed, such as the spline function and the nonparametric approach. There are three different assumptions on the spatial structure of an urban area： the monocentric assumption, the non-monocentric/polycentric assumption and no priori assumption. When the monocentric assumption is used, the distance-to-CBD variable is included. Euclidean distance is used most frequently, but it is as unable to represent the accessibility to CBD. With the distance and location dummy variables, the fitting accuracy of the model is also improved. As American modem urban areas have become increasingly decentralized and polycentric, a non-monocentric or polycentric assumption was suggested, but it is not easy to identify each sub-center accurately. Recently, some scholars suggest a location dummy variable without any assumptions about the location of the center to cope with the problem. Empirical studies of Chinese domestic situations mainly focus on Beijing. It is believed that the monocentric assumption is suitable for Beijing and most of other cities, which suggests that influential sub-centers have not yet formed. Attention has been given to the suburbanization of mega-cities since 1982, and the effect of sub-centers on price gradients in some cities has been of concem. The hedonic pricing model is used when estimating price gradients, but the repeat-sales model remains untested. Ignoring the heteros