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中文摘要：
日本福岛核事故泄漏大量放射性物质进入海洋环境，引发了人们对海洋辐射安全的广泛关注和反思。本文结合日本福岛核事故的应急监测，介绍了在海洋核应急不同阶段的监测特点以及目前我国海洋核应急情况下的监测项目和检测方法，并与国际上相关海洋放射性实时监测技术进行了比较，对我国海洋核应急技术的发展方向提出了建议。
英文摘要：
Japan＇ s Fukushima nuclear power plant accident resulted in a great amount of radioactive substances released into the marine environment, triggered the concern and reflection about the marine radiation safety. In this paper, based on the Fukushima NPP accident emergency monitoring, the characteristics at different stages of marine nuclear accidental situation monitoring and the current monitoring programs and analysis-detection methods were introduced. Comparison with the associated international real-time monitoring technology for marine radioactivity was made and recommendations on the development of national marine radioactivity detection technology in nuclear accidental situation were discussed.
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