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祁连山北坡青海云杉林冠对降雨截留空间模拟——以排露沟流域为例

ISSN号：1000-6060
期刊名称：干旱区地理
时间：0
页码：600-606
语言：中文
分类：S715.2[农业科学—林学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程;自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]
作者机构：[1]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000, [2]兰州大学干旱与草地生态教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000, [3]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000
相关基金：国家自然科学基金项目（No.30770387,No.40671067）和国家创新研究群体科学基金（40721061）
相关项目：黑河下游生态需水量估算及时空分布研究

关键词：林冠截留, 青海云杉林, 叶面积指数, 祁连山, canopy interception, Picea crassifolia forest, LAI, Qilian Mountains

中文摘要：

林冠截留在干旱、半干旱区水量平衡中起着非常重要的作用，但目前的研究主要以样方尺度上的降水截留特征研究为主，基于遥感与GIS方法进行流域或区域景观尺度上的林冠降水截留模拟研究还比较少。以青海云杉（Picea crassifolia）林为研究对象，在典型的青海云杉一苔藓林内按照不同林冠结构布设林冠截留样方，通过2008年42次降雨事件的观测，将林冠截留模型与降雨及林冠结构特征联系起来。把表征冠层结构的叶面积指数引入到模型中对模型进行改进，经检验改进的截留模型对林冠截留模拟结果较好。为此，将模型中的降雨和叶面积指数进行空间化，通过改进模型实现小流域尺度上的林冠截留模拟。利用GIS工具对祁连山排露沟流域林冠截留量的空间分布分析，该流域2008年青海云杉林冠截留量在97．9～236．6mm之间，平均为161．8mm，林冠降雨截留量随海拔增加而增加；林冠截留率在27．92％～58．00％之间，平均为41．70％，截留率随海拔增加先增加而后减小；排露沟流域青海云杉林冠年截留量约为1．6×10^5m3，占整个流域总降雨量的13．25％左右。

英文摘要：

Canopy interception plays an important role in water circulation and water balance of ecosystems in the arid and semi-arid regions. At present, most research concentrates on the characteristics of interception in the scope of a stand or plot. Models of canopy interception in river basin or landscape scale based on RS and GIS are lacking because the factors influencing canopy interception such as precipitation, vegetation are difficult to be spatialized.Statistical model of canopy interception was improved based on investigation in the study area. Considering the important influence of canopy structure, LAI was added to the model. After parameters in the model were spatialized,the estimation of canopy interception was scaled up from the plot to the catchment using remote sensing data and GIS. The results show that the amount of canopy interception in the Pailugou catchment is between 97.9 and 236.6mm, the mean interception amount 161.8 mm. The minimum interception appears at the lower altitude area and the maximum interception presents at the higher one. The interception percentage of Picea crassifolia forest in the Pail-ugou catchment is between 27.92% and 58.00% and increased at the beginning and then decreased along with the raise of altitude. The total interception was 1.6 ×10^5 m^3 in 2008, only accounting for 13.25% of that year＇s precipitation.

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