中文摘要：

现有文献关注技术进步对产业结构变迁的作用,却忽视了不同类型技术进步对产业结构变迁的非对称效应。利用我国1978-2012年三次产业数据和标准化供给面系统,估算我国三次产业的要素替代弹性,测算中性技术进步和要素增进型技术进步,并构建联立方程组模型,检验不同类型技术进步对产业结构变迁的非对称性作用。结果显示,我国三次产业的资本与劳动要素替代弹性均小于1,技术进步大体上表现为相对劳动增进形态。中性技术进步通过直接提高生产率的方式影响产业增加值,进而改变产业结构;要素增进型技术进步则通过影响要素报酬,诱使要素重新流动的方式改变产业结构。农业部门的相对劳动增进型技术进步,更有利于产业结构升级,且对劳动力由第一产业向第三产业转移的作用更加显著;非农业部门呈现相对资本增进型技术进步,更加有利于推进劳动力从第一产业向非农产业转移,推动产业结构的工业化和服务化。

英文摘要：

The existing literature focuses on the role of technical change in the industrial structure evolution,While ignore different kinds of technical change,imposing asymmetric effects on the industrial structure evolution. In this paper,we use the data of three industries during the period of 1978- 2012,apply the method of the supply- side standardized system to estimate the elasticity of substitution of factors in the three industries,measure factor- augmenting technical change and neutral technical change,and construct simultaneous equations model,to examine the asymmetrical effect of different technological progress on the industrial structure evolution. The results indicate that： The elasticities of substitution between capital and labor in the three industries are less than 1,and technical change is labor- augmenting. Neutral technical progress affects the industrial structure in the way of increasing productivity,and factor- augmenting technical progress will change the industrial structure in the way of influencing factor technical efficiency and factor returns,inducing factor mobility and reallocation changes. Labor- augmenting technical change in the agricultural sector is more conducive to the upgrading of industrial structure and plays a significant role in promoting the mobility of labor from the first industry to the third industry. Technical change in non- agricultural sectors exhibits relatively capital- augmenting,more conducive to promoting the evolution of industrial structure. Compared with the agricultural industry,the capital- augmenting technical change in secondary industry promotes industrial structure evolution more effectively.