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海洋红藻岩生多管藻绒毛变种Polysiphonia scopulorum var.villum形态学研究

ISSN号：1009-5470
期刊名称：《热带海洋学报》
时间：0
分类：Q949.29[生物学—植物学]
作者机构：[1]汕头大学海洋生物研究所,广东汕头515063
相关基金：国家自然科学基金面上项目（31270257）和重大项目（31093440）、广东省科技计划项目（2011B031100010、2012A020200007）、广东省高等学校人才引进项目、汕头市科技计划项目（2011-162、2012-171）资助

关键词：红藻门, 松节藻科, 繁殖结构, 分类, 地理分布, “染色-压片”法, Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae, reproductive structure, taxonomy, geographical distribution, “Dye-press” method

中文摘要：

2013 年11 月-2014 年2 月间, 在广东汕头南澳岛的野外调查过程中采集到一种丝状红藻, 经鉴定为岩生多管藻绒毛变种Polysiphonia scopulorum var. villum（J. Agardh）Hollenberg, 其主要特征为： 1. 藻体大量密集丛生于岩石上, 呈绒毛垫状; 2. 藻体小, 由匍匐枝与直立枝构成, 直立枝高度不超过1cm; 3. 直立枝分枝少或不分枝, 枝端顶细胞钝圆; 4.假根由围轴细胞中部向外突出产生, 不被侧壁切割; 5. 毛丝体少量且较短, 1~3 叉, 脱落后留下的痕细胞明显; 6. 囊果长卵形,有喙; 7. 精子囊枝由毛丝体原发育形成, 螺旋排列于枝端, 圆柱状, 无不孕顶细胞; 8. 四分孢子囊4-6-（10）个微螺旋状直长列, 球形, 其孢子囊盖细胞为2 个.该种在南中国海为首次记录.为了精细观察藻体的内部结构, 摸索出了一套“染色-压片”方法, 以方便对此类属种的解剖学结构观察与分类研究.通过对该藻形态学及四分孢子囊的发育进行详细观察, 丰富了该物种的形态学知识, 扩展了其地理分布等信息.

英文摘要：

Samples of Polysiphonia scopulorum var. villum （J. Agardh） Hollenberg have been collected from Nan’ao Island,Shantou, Guangdong province during the field survey of November 2013~February 2014, and identified. We found thefollowing combination of the characters： 1. the plants grown densely in tufts on rocks with villous mat shape; 2. the thallicomposed with prostrate and erect branches in which the erect branches were less than 1 cm high; 3. the erect branches,sparsely branching out or not, with blunt apical cells; 4）the rhizoids stretching outward from the middle part of the pericentralcells with open connection; 5. the trichoblasts being sparse and short with 1~3 dichotomies, deciduous, often leavingconspicuous scar-cells; 6. mature cystocarps being ovate with a protruding ostiole; 7. the spermatangial branches arising fromthe entire trichoblast primordium, being arranged in a spiral manner at the tip of the branches, cylindrical without a celledsterile tip; and 8. the tetrasporangia occurring in slightly spiral series of up to 4-6-（10） successively, maturing sporangiaspherical with two cover cells in a distal portion of the indeterminate lateral branches. This is the first time the species wasrecorded at the coast of the South China Sea. In order to observe the intimate internal structure of these filamentous thalli, a setof “dye-press” method to experimental materials was operated originally to be beneficial to the taxonomical research of thosesimilar genera. The morphology and the tetrasporangial development of the species were observed in detail in this study. Theresults should enrich our knowledge of the morphology and geographical distribution of the species.

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