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内蒙古旺业甸林场大型真菌资源调查及其多样性

ISSN号：1000-1522
期刊名称：北京林业大学学报
时间：2013.11.15
页码：87-95
分类：Q939[生物学—微生物学]
作者机构：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院, [2]内蒙古赤峰市林业科学研究院, [3]内蒙古喀喇沁旗旺业甸实验林场
相关基金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项（TD2012-03）、多功能林业示范基地建设试点示范项目（APFnet/2010/PP/005）、国家自然科学基金项目（J1103516、31093440）.
相关项目：北京林业大学生物学基地

关键词：大型真菌, 分类, 多样性分析, 中国新纪录种, macrofungi, taxonomy, diversity analysis, newly recorded species in China

中文摘要：

于2012年，对旺业甸林场进行了较为系统的野生大型真菌资源调查，先后在断木沟、新开坝、六道沟、美林、茅荆坝等地的油松林地，落叶松林地，桦树、山杨天然混交林地及落叶松或油松、桦树、蒙古栎天然人工针阔混交林地等采集标本350余份。多样性分析表明：旺业甸林场野生大型真菌种类较为丰富，共发现大型真菌162种，隶属于2门4纲12目41科79属。依据林型的差异，大型真菌分布的多样性和丰富度由大到小依次为天然混交林、落叶松林、天然人工针阔混交林和油松林；分布种数最多的3个科依次为蘑菇科、红菇科和多孔菌科；调查同时发现内蒙古新纪录种12个，中国新纪录种2个，并在该地发现珍稀野生药用真菌——猪苓，极大丰富了该地区的野生大型真菌资源，并首次提供了调查名录，为后期的保护和开发利用奠定了基础。

英文摘要：

Species diversity of macrofungi at Wangyedian Forest Farm was systematically investigated in 2012. More than 350 specimens were collected from pine forest, larch forest, natural mixed forests, and natural-artificial mixed forest at the regions including Duanmugou, Xinkaiba, Liudaogou, Meilin, and Maojingba, etc. Diversity analysis revealed that the wild macrofungi were abounding at the Wangyedian Forest Farm. Total 162 species were found, which belong to 2 phyla, 4 classes, 12 orders, gl families, and 79 genera. The diversity and abundance of macrofungi were different in these types of forests, most of which was natural mixed forests, followed by larch forest, pine forest, and natural-artificial mixed forest. The dominant families of these macrofungi were Agaricaceae, Russulaceae, and Polyporaceae. Twelve species are new to Inner Mongolia and 2 species are new records in China. Polyporus umbellatus （ Pers. ） Fr. , a rarely medicinal wild macrofungi, was also collected in this area. The directory of wild macrofungi was provided and this will lay a good foundation for their protection and application in the future.