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中文摘要：
汽车尾涡是整车气动阻力主要来源之一,而汽车尾涡直接受尾部造型的影响。因此,研究车身尾部造型对气动阻力的优化具有重要意义。以MIRA标准模型组为研究对象,通过风洞试验,运用表面压强测量技术和粒子图像测速（PIV）技术,得到MIRA模型组各模型的阻力系数以及车身纵对称面表面压强分布和尾部速度流场,并对此进行了定性、定量分析,获得了模型组中各模型阻力系数变化与车身尾部造型的关系。试验结果表明,在模型组中,斜背的阻力系数最小,阶梯背较大,直背最大,且这3种模型的尾部负压区、尾涡涡核距车身距离、尾涡扩散范围依次呈现增大趋势。
英文摘要：
Automobile tail vortex is one of the main sources of vehicle＇s aerodynamic drag,and it is directly related to the shape of the rear vehicle body.MIRA standard model group was chosen in our study.Surface pressure measurement technique and Particle Image Velocimetry（PIV） technology were used in the wind tunnel tests to obtain the drag coefficient of the model group.The surface pressure distribution contour and the tail flow field on the longitudinal symmetry plane were obtained for qualitative and quantitative analyses of the model group and the relationship between the aerodynamic drag and the rear vehicle body shape is obtained.It is shown that： in the model group,the slope back model has the smallest resistance coefficient,the stepped back model has a slightly larger coefficient,and the straight back model has the largest;At the same time,in the tail negative pressure area,the distances between the tail vortex core and the vehicle body,and the tail vortex diffusion area see a tendency of increasing among these models.
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