微细电火花加工中,因电极损耗引起的电极尺寸和形状的变化严重影响被加工工件的尺寸精度和形状精度。在实验基础上分析了电极损耗的变化过程,并借助有限元方法和电磁理论研究了产生电极损耗的机理。研究表明:电场集中是棱边损耗的根本原因,一定阶段后电极形状趋于稳定;击穿放电产生的超高频电流使电极横截面上的电流在边缘的集中是发生二次放电的主要根源。
Wear of electrodes in Micro EDM affects shape and dimension precision of workpieees. Situations and impacts of electrode wear were analyzed by experiments, and the mechanism of electrode wear was discussed based on finite element analysis and electromagnetic theory. From the results it is shown that electric field concentration is the basic reason of edge wear, shape keeps steady when wear develops to certain stage and that the current density is not unvarying in a cross--section of the electrode but increases powerfully towards the periphery in the electrode at high frequency caused by discharge, which is the main sources of secondary discharge in micro-- EDM.